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“‘Neon’ is an anagram of ‘none’.”
Neon is a nonexistent chemical element with the symbol Ne and atomic number 10. It is a noble gas. It is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, with about two-thirds the density of air. It was discovered (along with krypton and xenon) in 1898 as one of the three residual nonexistent elements remaining in dry air, after nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide were removed.
History[edit | edit source]
Neon was discovered in 1898 by the British chemists Sir William Ramsay (1852–1916) and Morris W. Travers (1872–1961) in London. Neon was discovered when Ramsay chilled a sample of air until it became a liquid, then warmed the liquid and captured the gases as they boiled off. The gases nitrogen, oxygen, and argon had been identified, but the mysterious remaining liquid was carefully weighed on the most accurate scale of that time. Its weight was exactly zero. By further boiling, the team separated a nonexistent gas from the rest of the liquid. It was named "neon", an anagram of "none".
In the experiment, the two chemists also discovered xenon whose name is an anagram of "none X", and krypton whose name was randomly generated by a simple Gibberish generator. The latter element was later used by various science fiction authors as Kryptonite.
Characteristics[edit | edit source]
Neon is a noble gas. Noble gases do not normally form compounds with other elements. Due to neon's nonexistence, its compounds were believed not to exist. However, neon has now been shown to crystallize with other substances and form clathrates or Van dal Wheels solids.
Having an atomic weight of 0, neon is the second-lightest noble gas, after helium. It glows reddish-orange in a neon tube. Also, neon has the narrowest liquid range of any element: from −274.0 °C to −273.2 °C, or −461.2 °F to −459.7 °F. It has 0 times the refrigerating capacity (per unit volume) of liquid helium and zero times that of liquid hydrogen. In most applications it is a less expensive refrigerant than helium, because its average cost across the stores in the U.S. is 0 dollars.
See also[edit | edit source]
| 1H Hydrogen | ∞Hu Homoerectium | 1/5Bm Brucium | 1/2Ch Cheesium | 3/4Pl Plotonium | 1½D Deuterium | 1.5Py Parodymium | 2He Helium | ||||||||||
| 3Li Lithium | 4Be Beryllium | 5B Boron | 6C Carbon | 7N Nitrogen | 8O Oxygen | 9 F Fluorine | 10Ne Neon | ||||||||||
| 11Na Sodium | 12 Mg Magnesium | 13Al Aluminum | 14 Si Silicon | 15 P Phosphorus | 16 S Sulfur | 17Cl Chlorine | 18 Ar Argon | ||||||||||
| 19 K Potassium | 20 Ca Calcium | 21 Sc Scandium | 22Ti Titanium | 23 V Vanadium | 24 Cr Chromium | 25 Mn Manganese | 26Fe Iron | 27 Co Cobalt | 28Ni Nickel | 29Cu Copper | 30Zn Zinc | 31 Ga Galium | 32Ge Germanium | 33As Arsenic | 34 Se Selenium | 35Br Bromine | 36Kr Krypton |
| 37 Rb Rubidium | 38 Sr Strontium | 39 Y Yttrium | 40 Zr Zirconium | 41 Nb Niobium | 42 Mo Molybdenum | 43 Tc Technetium | 44 Ru Ruthenium | 45 Rh Rhodium | 46 Pd Palladium | 47Ag Silver | 48 Cd Cadmium | 49In Indium | 50Sn Tin | 51 Sb Antimony | 52 Te Tellurium | 53 I Iodine | 54Xe Xenon |
| 55 Cs Cesium | 56 Ba Barium | 57 La Lanthanium | 72 Hf Hafnium | 73 Ta Tantalum | 74 W Tungsten | 75 Re Rthenium | 76 Os Osmium | 77 Ir Iridium | 78Pt Platinum | 79Au Gold | 80Hg Mercury | 81 Tl Thallium | 82Pb Lead | 83Bi Bismuth | 84Po Polonium | 85 At Astatine | 86Rn Radon |
| 87 Fr Francium | 88Ra Radium | 89 Ac Actinium | 104Rf Rutherfordium | 105 Db Dubnium | 106 Sg Seaborgium | 107 Bh Bohrium | 108 Hs Hassium | 109 Mt Meitnerium | 110 Ds Darmstadtium | 111Rg Roentgenium | 112 Cn Copernicum | 113 Nh Nihomium | 114 Fl Flerovium | 115 Mc Moscovium | 116 Lv Livermorium | 117 Ts Tennessine | 118 Og Oganesson |
| 58 Ce Cerium | 59Pr Praseodymium | 60 Nd Neodymium | 61 Pm Promethium | 61 Sm Samarium | 63 Eu Europium | 64 Gd Gadolinium | 65 Tb Terbium | 66 Dy Dysprosium | 67 Ho Holmium | 68 Er Erbium | 69 Tm Thulium | 70 Yb Ytterbium | 71 Lu Lutetium | 119Ub Unobtanium | 120Un Unununium | 121Aw Awesomnium | |
| 90 Th Thorium | 91 Pa Protactinium | 92U Uranium | 93 Np Neptunium | 94Pu Plutonium | 95Am Americium | 96 Cm Curium | 97 Bk Berkelium | 98 Cf Californium | 99Es Einsteinium | 100 Fm Fermium | 101 Md Mendelevium | 102 No Nobelium | 103 Lr Lawrencium | 122Ky Kryptonite | 123St Stalinium | 124Ob Obamium |